Oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorderĬriminal involvement or antisocial personality disorder The following table from expert William Dodson, M.D., shows how childhood symptoms of ADHD can translate to adulthood. About 15% also have a substance use disorder diagnosis.Nearly 50% have been diagnosed with anxiety disorder, including social phobia (30%) and PTSD (12%). About 40% have been diagnosed with a mood disorder.14 According to a 2006 national study on adult ADHD 1: Roughly 60% to 70% of adults with ADHD have a comorbid disorder. 13 Adult ADHD and Comorbid ConditionsĪdult ADHD seldom exists alone. 12 Many adults with ADHD and SUD report using substances like alcohol and other drugs as a way to self-medicate and manage ADHD symptoms. ADHD adults are twice as likely to be diagnosed with substance use disorder (SUD) compared to individuals without ADHD. 11 Adult ADHD Impact on Substance AbuseĪDHD and substance abuse are strongly connected. 10 Another recent systematic review estimates that 26% of prison inmates have adult ADHD. 9 One study found that individuals who present ADHD symptoms in childhood are more likely to engage in criminal activities as young adults than are non-ADHD individuals. Research has linked ADHD in adults to criminality, rule-breaking, and other legal and safety issues – including greater risk of getting into car accidents compared to the general population. 5 Adult ADHD Impact on Criminality and Safety 8 Adult ADHD Impact on RelationshipsĪDHD symptoms in adults like poor listening skills, low frustration tolerance, inability to follow through with tasks, and impulsivity can lead to a number of difficulties with romantic relationships, friendships, familial relationships, and other social connections. 7 Individuals with ADHD are more likely to face difficulty gaining and maintaining employment compared to neurotypical adults, especially if they did not receive treatment in childhood. Many studies have linked ADHD to difficulties in school (including higher education) and in the workplace. 6 Adult ADHD Impact on School and Work PerformanceĪdult ADHD symptoms like poor time management and concentration, procrastination, and forgetfulness can and do make school and the workplace difficult to navigate. Challenges Associated with Adult ADHDĪdult ADHD impacts virtually every aspect of life, more so if the condition remains undiagnosed, untreated, or ineffectively treated – all of which can have detrimental effects on an individual’s psychological well-being and quality of life.
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